Nature vs. Density -Hong Kong
05/18/2024
Jia Hu
Introduction
Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated cities in the world, with limited urban land supporting a population of over 7 million. In such a high-density environment, access to green spaces is not just a luxury—it’s a necessity for public health, environmental sustainability, and urban resilience.
Despite its global reputation as a vertical, high-rise city, Hong Kong’s land use tells a different story: approximately 75% of the territory is countryside, with urban areas covering less than 25%. This unusual balance between city and nature forms the basis of a unique urban ecological model.
However, uneven terrain and population pressure raise challenges in green space accessibility—especially in urban areas where such spaces are limited and unevenly distributed. This research uses GIS to analyze green space distribution in relation to land use, topography, and population density, aiming to support more equitable and sustainable urban planning.
Green Space Distribution
Land Use Distribution:
Countryside vs. Urban Areas:
Approximately 75% of Hong Kong’s territory is countryside, with urban areas making up less than 25%.
Green Coverage Rate:
Protected Areas: Nearly 40% of Hong Kong’s total land area, which is 1,100 square kilometers, is designated for conservation and recreation purposes. This reflects a significant commitment to maintaining green spaces for ecological and recreational use.
Biodiversity Conservation:
Flora: Hong Kong is home to over 3,100 species of vascular plants, showcasing a rich variety of plant life.
Fauna: The region supports about 520 species of birds, which accounts for over a third of China’s total bird species.
Marine Life: Hong Kong’s marine biodiversity is extensive and varied, contributing to its overall ecological richness.
Accessibility to Green Spaces
Three Key Factors Contributing to the Accessibility of Green Spaces
Topographic Factors:
Mountain Area: Hiking Trails, Biking Paths
(660 feet to 3000 feet above sea level)
Challenges: Steep mountain body. Uneven terrain.
Urban Area: Parks, Gardens, and Green Spaces
Different sizes, flat elevations. Easily accessible areas
Hiking Areas (Green Metrix): Interconnected green trails forming a network of hiking areas.
Accessibility: Over (180 square miles) of hiking trails.
Parks and Gardens (Urban Green Hubs): Scattered green spots throughout urban areas.
Accessibility: More than (96 square miles) of parks and gardens across Hong Kong.
Transportation Infrastructure:
Urban areas: Offering more flexibility with walkable access to green spaces, incorporating multiple transportation.